COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

This material covers the following topics:

UNIT I OVERVIEW & INSTRUCTIONS
Eight ideas – Components of a computer system – Technology – Performance – Power wall – Uniprocessors to multiprocessors; Instructions – operations and operands – representing instructions – Logical operations – control operations – Addressing and addressing modes.
UNIT II ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS
ALU – Addition and subtraction – Multiplication – Division – Floating Point operations – Subword parallelism.
UNIT III PROCESSOR AND CONTROL UNIT
Basic MIPS implementation – Building datapath – Control Implementation scheme – Pipelining – Pipelined datapath and control – Handling Data hazards & Control hazards – Exceptions.
UNIT IV PARALLELISM
Instruction-level-parallelism – Parallel processing challenges – Flynn’s classification – Hardware multithreading – Multicore processors
UNIT V MEMORY AND I/O SYSTEMS
Memory hierarchy – Memory technologies – Cache basics – Measuring and improving cache performance – Virtual memory, TLBs – Input/output system, programmed I/O, DMA and interrupts, I/O processors.