green house effect

The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth, some of it is reflected back to space, and the rest is absorbed by the land, oceans, and atmosphere. This absorbed energy is then radiated back as heat. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and water vapor (H₂O), trap some of this heat in the atmosphere, preventing it from escaping into space. This helps maintain the Earth’s temperature at a level suitable for life.

However, human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation have increased the concentration of these greenhouse gases, enhancing the natural greenhouse effect and causing more heat to be trapped. This leads to global warming and climate change, which result in rising temperatures, melting ice caps, and extreme weather events. The greenhouse effect is crucial for life, but its intensification due to human activities poses serious environmental challenges.