Impact of Land-Use Change on Species Diversity and Ecosystem Functioning in Agriculture

An increase in the conversion of land to agricultural uses poses a great threat to species distribution and ecosystem services. This in and of itself leads to declines in species richness and abundance due to habitat loss and fragmentation as natural habitats are transformed into agriculture such as monoculture crops or pastures. Endangered species that can survive only under certain conditions are most affected while non-endangered species may get affected but easily adjust. It also affects other factors such as nutrient cycling, pollination, and the richness of the fertility of the soil. For that reason, ecosystem services such as food supply, water filtration, and climate moderation may be reduced. To reduce these impacts it is necessary to promote practices of agroecology and environmental conservation including the establishment of protected areas and wildlife bridges. The above strategies can go a long way in ensuring the continued existence of biodiversity and the provision of key ecosystem services that are so important in feeding the world as well as supporting the production of other crops without jeopardizing the capacity of the ecosystems to support life.